The Analysis on Annual Utilization Patterns of Inpatients in Korean Medical Hospitals for the Past 10 years

Hye Su Kim; So Yun Kim; Jung Ho Kim; Young Kim

doi:10.13045/acupunct.2016017

J Acupunct Res > Volume 33(2); 2016 > Article

Kim, Kim, Kim, and Kim: The Analysis on Annual Utilization Patterns of Inpatients in Korean Medical Hospitals for the Past 10 years

Original Article

Acupuncture 2016; 33(2): 61-76.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.13045/acupunct.2016017

The Analysis on Annual Utilization Patterns of Inpatients in Korean Medical Hospitals for the Past 10 years

Hye Su Kim, So Yun Kim, Jung Ho Kim, Young Kim^*

Department of Acupuncture & Moxibustion, College of Korean Medicine, Daejeon University

^*Corresponding author: Department of Acupuncture & Moxibustion Medicine, Dunsan Oriental Hospital of Daejeon University, 75, Daedeok-daero 176beon-gil, Seo-gu, Daejeon, 35235, Republic of Korea,
Tel: +82-42-470-9137, E-mail: omdkim01@dju.kr

Received May 10, 2016 Revised June 03, 2016 Accepted June 07, 2016

See the Original "".

Abstract

Objectives:

This study was designed to clarify population-social characteristics that influence the utilization patterns of hospitalized patients in a traditional korean hospital, thereby providing clinical data which would help further improvements of traditional korean medical service in particular the Acupuncture and Moxibustion.

Methods:

We investigated population-social characteristics and annual utilization patterns of all patients who were hospitalized for more than 24 hours in a Korean Medical Hospital from January 2005 to December 2014. The obtained data were recorded in the EMR chart and statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 21.0. Additionally, data from the patients admitted to the department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion were analyzed separately.

Results:

All inpatients had a significant annual difference in age, gender, hospitalized department, and disease code annually but not in re-hospitalization number. Inpatients of the department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion also varied in their age, gender, and disease code annually, but not in re-hospitalization number.
Pearson correlation analysis on all inpatients showed that the mean days of hospital treatments had a negative correlation with all variables except medical care insurance. Total cost, cost per day per person and recuperation cost had a positive correlation with all variables except medical care insurance. There was no meaningful relationship between nonrecuperation cost and the variables.
Stepwise multiple regression analysis on all inpatients showed that the mean days of hospital treatments had a negative correlation with all variables except automobile insurance. The total hospitalization costs had a positive correlation with both general insurance and medical care insurance. Cost per day per person and recuperation cost had a positive correlation with the females. There was no meaningful relationship between non-recuperation cost and the variables.
Pearson correlation analysis on inpatients of the department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion inpatients showed that the mean days of hospital treatments had a positive correlation with all variables except general insurance and automobile insurance. Total cost and recuperation cost had a positive correlation with all variables except medical care insurance, and cost per day per person had a positive correlation with females and general insurance. There was no meaningful relationship between non-recuperation cost and the variables.
Stepwise multiple regression analysis on inpatients of the department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion inpatients, the mean days of hospital treatments, total cost, cost per day per person and recuperation cost had a positive correlation with general insurance. There was no meaningful relationship between non-recuperation cost and the variables.

Conclusion:

Population-social characteristics of inpatients annually varies, and the change influences the utilization pattern.

Key Words: Utilization pattern of inpatients; Population-social characteristics of inpatients; Statistical analysis of inpatients; Korean medical hospital; Acupuncture & Moxibustion.

Fig. 1

Graph of gender ratio for total and Acupuncture & Moxibustion inpatients by year

Fig. 2

Graph of age ratio for total and Acupuncture & Moxibustion inpatients by year

Fig. 3

Graph of department ratio for total inpatients by year

Fig. 4

Graph of disease code ratio for total inpatients by year

Fig. 5

Graph of disease code ratio for total inpatients by year

Table 1

The Number of Inpatients by Year

YEAR	Total inpatients	Acupuncture & Moxibustion inpatients
2005	1,486	268
2006	1,749	336
2007	1,717	436
2008	1,838	456
2009	2,128	541
2010	2,789	629
2011	2,992	567
2012	3,084	597
2013	3,196	632
2014	3,274	561

Table 2

Crossover Analysis of Gender and Year for Total Inpatients by Year

			Female	Male	Total	X²
Year	2005	N	842	644	1486	135.769^‡
	2005	%	56.7	43.3	100
	2006	N	982	767	1749
	2006	%	56.1	43.9	100
	2007	N	1021	696	1717
	2007	%	59.5	40.5	100
	2008	N	1143	695	1838
	2008	%	62.2	37.8	100
	2009	N	1356	772	2128
	2009	%	63.7	36.3	100
	2010	N	1826	963	2789
	2010	%	65.5	34.5	100
	2011	N	2009	983	2992
	2011	%	67.1	32.9	100
	2012	N	2077	1007	3084
	2012	%	67.3	32.7	100
	2013	N	2081	1115	3196
	2013	%	65.1	34.9	100
	2014	N	2153	1121	3274
	2014	%	65.8	34.2	100

	Total		15490	8763	24253
	%		63.9	36.1	100

^* p<.05.

^† p<.01.

^‡ p<.001.

Table 3

Crossover Analysis of Gender and Year for Acupuncture & Moxibustion Inpatients by Year

			Female	Male	Total	X²
Year	2005	N	150	118	268	38.136^‡
	2005	%	56	44	100
	2006	N	170	166	336
	2006	%	50.6	49.4	100
	2007	N	228	208	436
	2007	%	52.3	47.7	100
	2008	N	246	210	456
	2008	%	53.9	46.1	100
	2009	N	302	239	541
	2009	%	55.8	44.2	100
	2010	N	382	247	629
	2010	%	60.7	39.3	100
	2011	N	359	208	567
	2011	%	63.3	36.7	100
	2012	N	367	230	597
	2012	%	61.5	38.5	100
	2013	N	373	259	632
	2013	%	59	41	100
	2014	N	360	201	561
	2014	%	64.2	35.8	100

	Total		2937	2086	5023
	%		58.5	41.5	100

^* p<.05.

^† p<.01.

^‡ p<.001.

Table 4

Crossover Analysis of Age and Year for Total Inpatients by Year

			Age of 0–19	Age of 20–39	Age of 40–59	Over the Age of 60	Total	X²
Year	2005	N	52	279	641	514	1486	327.184^‡
	2005	%	3.5	18.8	43.1	34.6	100
	2006	N	66	375	746	562	1749
	2006	%	3.8	21.4	42.7	32.1	100
	2007	N	61	391	760	505	1717
	2007	%	3.6	22.8	44.3	29.3	100
	2008	N	55	440	771	572	1838
	2008	%	3.1	23.9	41.9	31.1	100
	2009	N	67	566	912	583	2128
	2009	%	3.1	26.6	42.9	27.4	100
	2010	N	110	748	1236	695	2789
	2010	%	3.9	26.9	44.3	24.9	100
	2011	N	124	757	1463	648	2992
	2011	%	4.1	25.3	48.9	21.7	100
	2012	N	99	784	1598	603	3084
	2012	%	3.2	25.4	51.8	19.6	100
	2013	N	93	853	1552	698	3196
	2013	%	2.9	26.7	48.6	21.8	100
	2014	N	95	832	1619	728	3274
	2014	%	2.9	25.4	49.5	22.2	100

	Total		822	6025	11298	6108	24253
	%		3.4	24.8	46.6	25.2	100

^* p<.05.

^† p<.01.

^‡ p<.001.

Table 5

Crossover Analysis of Age and Year for Acupuncture & Moxibustion Inpatients by Year

			Age of 0–19	Age of 20–39	Age of 40–59	Over the Age of 60	Total	X²
Year	2005	N	14	72	81	101	268	132.111^‡
	2005	%	5.2	26.9	30.2	37.7	100
	2006	N	11	89	132	104	336
	2006	%	3.3	26.5	39.2	31	100
	2007	N	11	132	178	115	436
	2007	%	2.5	30.3	40.8	26.4	100
	2008	N	19	152	153	132	456
	2008	%	4.2	33.3	33.6	28.9	100
	2009	N	20	183	212	126	541
	2009	%	3.7	33.8	39.2	23.3	100
	2010	N	23	195	269	142	629
	2010	%	3.7	31	42.7	22.6	100
	2011	N	18	156	275	118	567
	2011	%	3.2	27.5	48.5	20.8	100
	2012	N	12	163	307	115	597
	2012	%	2	27.3	51.4	19.3	100
	2013	N	21	158	327	126	632
	2013	%	3.3	25.1	51.7	19.9	100
	2014	N	11	129	287	134	561
	2014	%	2	23	51.1	23.9	100

	Total		160	1429	2221	1213	5023
	%		3.2	28.4	44.2	24.2	100

^* p<.05.

^† p<.01.

^‡ p<.001.

Table 6

Crossover Analysis of Department and Year for Total Inpatients by Year

			A	B	C	D	E	Total	X²
Year	2005	N	268	266	875	58	19	1486	788.919^‡
	2005	%	18	17.9	58.9	3.9	1.3	1486
	2006	N	336	269	1002	60	44	1711
	2006	%	19.6	15.7	58.6	3.5	2.6	1711
	2007	N	436	253	958	51	29	1727
	2007	%	25.2	14.6	55.5	3	1.7	1727
	2008	N	456	299	1019	45	29	1848
	2008	%	24.7	16.2	55.1	2.4	1.6	1848
	2009	N	541	424	928	57	20	1970
	2009	%	27.5	21.5	47.1	2.9	1	1970
	2010	N	629	679	1304	29	22	2663
	2010	%	23.6	25.5	49	1.1	0.8	2663
	2011	N	495	812	1442	36	32	2817
	2011	%	17.6	28.8	51.2	1.3	1.1	2817
	2012	N	597	840	1420	59	26	2942
	2012	%	20.3	28.6	48.2	2	0.9	2942
	2013	N	632	976	1363	70	23	3064
	2013	%	20.6	31.9	44.4	2.3	0.8	3064
	2014	N	561	1109	1389	59	26	3144
	2014	%	17.8	35.3	44.2	1.9	0.8	3144

	Total		4951	5927	11700	524	270	23372
	%		21.2	25.3	50.1	2.2	1.2	23372

^* p<.05.

^† p<.01.

^‡ p<.001.

A: Department of Acupuncture & Moxibustion

B: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine

C: Department of Internal Medicine

D: Department of Gynecology

E: Department of Pediatrics

Table 7

Crossover Analysis of the Disease Code and Year for Total Inpatients by Year

			C16	C34	C50	G51	I63	M51	S13	S33	Total	X²
Year	2010	N	104	81	111	188	206	94	401	215	1400	206.962^‡
	2010	%	7.4	5.8	7.9	13.4	14.7	6.7	28.6	15.4	100
	2011	N	66	72	195	196	168	67	466	229	1459
	2011	%	4.5	4.9	13.4	13.4	11.5	4.6	31.9	15.7	100
	2012	N	60	53	230	167	165	77	521	243	1516
	2012	%	4.0	3.5	15.2	11.0	10.9	5.1	34.4	16.0	100
	2013	N	101	77	148	193	139	97	620	283	1658
	2013	%	6.1	4.6	8.9	11.6	8.4	5.9	37.4	17.1	100
	2014	N	122	112	153	173	102	115	602	269	1648
	2014	%	7.4	6.8	9.3	10.5	6.2	7.0	36.5	16.3	100

	Total		453	395	837	917	780	450	2610	1239	7681
	%		5.9	5.1	10.9	11.9	10.2	5.9	34.0	16.1	100

^* p<.05.

^† p<.01.

^‡ p<.001.

Table 8

Crossover Analysis of the Disease Code and Year for Acupuncture & Moxibustion Inpatients by Year

			G51	M51	M54	S13	S33	Total	X²
Year	2010	N	167	66	49	44	93	419	57.410^‡
	2010	%	39.9	15.8	11.7	10.5	22.2	419
	2011	N	174	57	20	67	62	380
	2011	%	45.8	15.0	5.3	17.6	16.3	380
	2012	N	148	71	23	71	86	399
	2012	%	37.1	17.8	5.8	17.8	21.6	399
	2013	N	176	93	21	55	94	439
	2013	%	40.1	21.2	4.8	12.5	21.4	439
	2014	N	148	102	32	47	79	408
	2014	%	36.3	25.0	7.8	11.5	19.4	408

	Total		813	389	145	284	414	2045
	%		39.8	19.0	7.1	13.9	20.2	2045

^* p<.05.

^† p<.01.

^‡ p<.001.

Table 9

Correlation Analysis of Total Inpatients

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10
1. The number of female patients	1
2. The number of male patients	0.869^†	1
3. The number of general insurance patients	0.982^‡	0.793^†	1
4. The number of medical care insurance patients	−0.545	−0.423	−0.514	1
5. The number of automobile insurance patients	0.954^†	0.939^‡	0.882^†	−0.547	1
6. Mean days of hospital treatments	−0.826^†	−0.852^†	−0.744^*	0.661^*	−0.890^†	1
7. ln(Total cost)	0.976^‡	0.802^†	0.994^‡	−0.442	0.877^†	−0.720^*	1
8. ln(Cost per day per person)	0.92^‡	0.787^†	0.915^‡	−0.567	0.852^†	−0.862^†	0.917^‡	1
9 ln(Recuperation cost per day per person)	0.143	−0.113	0.264	−0.115	−0.064	0.202	0.242	0.047	1
10. ln(non-recuperation cost per day per person)	0.829^†	0.769^†	0.798^†	−0.490	0.812^†	−0.875^†	0.809^†	0.955^‡	−0.244	1

^* p<.05.

^† p<.01.

^‡ p<.001.

Table 10

Correlation Analysis of Acupuncture & Moxibustion Inpatients

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10
1. The number of female patients	1
2. The number of male patients	.814^†	1
3. The number of general insurance patients	.986^‡	.883^†	1
4. The number of medical care insurance patients	.368	.45	.405	1
5. The number of automobile insurance patients	.664^*	.791^†	.662^*	.113	1
6. Mean days of hospital treatments	.742^*	.745^*	.800^†	.037	.475	1
7. ln(Total cost)	.933^‡	.900^‡	.963^‡	.266	.701^*	.908^‡	1
8. ln(Cost per day per person)	.634^*	.54	.649^*	.023	.399	.880^†	.786^†	1
9. ln(Recuperation cost per day per person)	−.284	−.317	−.266	−.237	−.406	.142	−.163	.345	1
10. ln(non-recuperation cost per day per person)	.817^†	.797^†	.825^†	.218	.739^*	.689^*	.864^†	.596	−.544	1

^* p<.05.

^† p<.01.

^‡ p<.001.

Table 11

Multiple Regression Analysis of the Mean Days of Hospital Treatments

	Dependent variable	Independent variable	Coefficient			Model

			B(s.e)	β	t	R²	F
Total inpatients	Mean days of hospital treatments	The number of automobile insurance patients	−.004	−.890	−5.531^†	.793	30.596^‡

Acupuncture & Moxibustion inpatients	Mean days of hospital treatments	The number of general insurance patients	.012 (.003)	.800	3.775^†	.641	14.254^†

^* p<.05.

^† p<.01.

^‡ p<.001.

Table 12

Multiple Regression Analysis of Total Cost

	Dependent variable	Independent variable	Coefficient			Model

			B(s.e)	β	t	R²	F
Total inpatients	ln(Total cost)	The number of general insurance patients	.001 −.001	1.042	31.658^‡	.994	653.677^‡
Total inpatients	ln(Total cost)	The number of medical care insurance patients	.0007 −.00003	.094	2.856^*

Acupuncture & Moxi-bustion inpatients	ln(Total cost)	The number of general insurance patients	.004 (.001)	.963	10.127^‡	.928	102.557^‡

^* p<.05.

^† p<.01.

^‡ p<.001.

Table 13

Multiple Regression Analysis of Cost per Day per Person

	Dependent variable	Independent variable	Coefficient			Model

			B(s.e)	β	t	R²	F
Total inpatients	ln(Cost per day per person)	The number of female patients	.0001 −0.0001	.920	6.617^‡	.846	47.780^‡
Acupuncture & Moxibustion inpatients	ln(Cost per day per person)	The number of general insurance patients	.0003 −0.0001	.649	2.415^*	.422	5.830^*

^* p<.05.

^† p<.01.

^‡ p<.001.

Table 14

Multiple Regression Analysis of Recuperation Cost

	Dependent variable	Independent variable	Coefficient			Model

			B(s.e)	β	t	R²	F
Total inpatients	ln(Recuperation cost per day per person)	The number of female patients	.0002 −.0001	.829	4.199^†	.688	17.635^†
Acupuncture & Moxibustion inpatients	ln(Recuperation cost per day per person)	The number of general insurance patients	.001 −.0002	.825	4.125^†	.680	17.017^†

^* p<.05.

^† p<.01.

^‡ p<.001.

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